SOBRAN'S -- The Real News of the Month June 2003 Volume 10, Number 6 Editor: Joe Sobran Publisher: Fran Griffin (Griffin Communications) Managing Editor: Ronald N. Neff Subscription Rates. Print version: $44.95 per year; $85 for 2 years; trial subscription available for $19.95 (5 issues). E-mail subscriptions: $39.95 for 1 year ($25 with a 12-month subscription to the print edition); $65 for 2 years ($45 with a 2-year subscription to the print edition). Address: SOBRAN'S, P.O. Box 1383, Vienna, VA 22183-1383 Fax: 703-281-6617 Website: www.sobran.com Publisher's Office: 703-281-1609 or www.griffnews.com Foreign Subscriptions (print version only): Add $1.25 per issue for Canada and Mexico; all other foreign countries, add $1.75 per issue. Credit Card Orders: Call 1-800-513-5053. Allow 4-6 weeks for delivery of your first issue. {{ Material dropped from features or changed solely for reasons of space appears in double curly brackets. Emphasis is indicated by the presence of asterisks around the emphasized words.}} CONTENTS Features -> Free Will and Freedom -> The Moving Picture (plus Exclusives to this edition) -> Bush and History -> Forgotten Prophet -> Homosexual Love and Literature Nuggets (plus Exclusives to this edition) List of Columns Reprinted FEATURES {{ Material dropped from features or changed solely for reasons of space appears in double curly brackets. Emphasis is indicated by the presence of asterisks around the emphasized words.} Free Will and Freedom In one of his typically incisive essays in FREEDOM DAILY, Sheldon Richman examines some fashionable arguments that human beings can't help what they do. We are predisposed to obesity, alcoholism, and other ills by our genes, of which we are the helpless playthings. Such arguments imply that we have no free will and can't be held responsible for our own choices; consciousness and rationality are mere illusions, epiphenomena, that don't really control our decisions. We are mere products of a mechanistic physical universe. These arguments are, as Richman notes, "congenial to the would-be dictator." They are also self-evidently false, though new variations on them constantly occur with scientific and technological advances: DNA and the computer have bred a new generation of them. As Samuel Johnson told Boswell, "Sir, we *know* the will is free, and there's an end on't." We are directly conscious of consciousness itself, of our reason, and of our freedom to choose one course of action or another. The fallacy of determinism has been refuted many times. If it were true that thought itself is the helpless product of irrational forces, how can the determinist himself claim truth for his own position? By his own logic, he can't help believing in determinism any more than his opponents can help believing in free will. Why are his epiphenomena preferable to anyone else's? Is he an exception to his own universal iron laws of causation? {{ True, people do have habits and temptations, some idiosyncratic, many of them shared with other people, making them individually and collectively predictable. Social scientists, pollsters, and market researchers look for these massive patterns of behavior. But the patterns don't disprove what we know from immediate experiences: the individual person is free. In a moment of crisis, the person decides whether to be a saint or a sinner, a martyr or a coward. Moral experience would be meaningless if all choices were reduced to compulsions. There would be no need for reflection, indecision, or guilt. }} But why should this style of thought appeal to the would-be dictator? Because it reduces his subjects to pawns of their environment, which he is all too ready to shape for them. But again, the peculiar blindness of the determinist-dictator is that he never applies his universal laws to himself. If all human beings are passive before outside forces (including inner compulsions of which they are unaware), mustn't this be true of society as a whole, including its rulers? Why should we suppose that they are any more rational and responsible than the rest of us? Metaphysician, heal thyself! Abstractly, determinism is a philosophy. But in practice, it functions as the ideology of a class of people seeking power over others. Its votaries usually turn out to have a curiously tenacious faith in the State. They imply that the state is somehow endowed with all the faculties of free will, rationality, responsibility, self-control and self-comprehension, impartiality, benevolence, and even immortality that they deny to the individual. As man shrinks to nothingness, the State rises to superhuman dimensions. In the real world, dictators like determinism, and determinists like dictatorship. Often this takes the form of passionate, almost religious devotion to a single charismatic dictator -- a Stalin, a Mao, a Castro, even a Franklin Roosevelt; a cult of personality that sits ill with the philosophy itself. For are these rulers any more rational than those they rule? How can they be? {{ The more we learn about our actual rulers, the more comical it seems that they should be presumed uniquely rational, let alone impartial and benevolent. They are driven by their craving for power, which they will acquire and augment by any means. And this drive for power, far from making society as a whole more rationally organized, only complicates the life of society by imposing burdens and obstacles on the ruled. Supporting the State becomes the chief duty of the subject. Promising to pursue the common weal, the State itself becomes the common woe. }} THE MOVING PICTURE (page 2) What was the war on Iraq all about? Oh yes, democracy and so forth. But what was the casus belli? Weapons of mass destruction? Well, the UN inspectors couldn't find them, Saddam Hussein didn't use them when he needed them, and now the victors still can't seem to locate them. President Bush insists they are out there somewhere and will soon show up to prove he was right. A grim alternative possibility is that Saddam managed to give them away, and they are now in the clutches of al-Qaeda. So either Bush is wrong, or the war on terrorism has backfired. * * * Speaking of terrorism, how about New York City's Mayor Michael Bloomberg? He's cracking down on ... life in general. He has raised property taxes 18.5 per cent, and his fanatical anti-smoking drive is ruining the city's bar and restaurant business. (Imagine a smoke-free Toots Shor's!) He also pledges to use his administrative powers to make abortion "training" mandatory in the city's hospitals. Bloomberg is not only evil; he's annoying to boot. Regime change can't come soon enough in the Big Apple. * * * Historian Robert Dallek's new biography of John F. Kennedy, AN UNFINISHED LIFE, reveals that JFK had his own Monica -- a 19-year-old White House intern who filled idle moments in the presidential schedule. But don't worry. Mindful of today's stern moral code, Dallek assures us that Kennedy never let this amour interfere with the duties of his office: "The real question is: Did it distract him from his job as president? I think it really didn't." Sounds more like the presidency didn't distract him from his real interest. * * * Lean pickin's for liberals these days. They are reduced to finding irony -- and scandal, and hypocrisy -- in the revelation that Bill (THE BOOK OF VIRTUES) Bennett is a high-rolling gambler who has blown a staggering $8 million in Las Vegas over the past decade. Even if we concede, arguendo, that gambling is a terrible vice, so what? An honest man may define and recommend virtue without claiming to embody it. As far as I know, Bennett has never pretended to be anything but a sinner in need of God's grace. Where does it say that only saints may praise sanctity? * * * Maybe what Dallek would call "the real question" is whether Bennett's gambling habit ever distracted him from his (unconstitutional) jobs as drug czar and secretary of education. * * * Then again, Bennett is said to receive a lot of help on his books. Let's at least hold the brickbats until we know more about the personal life of his ghostwriter. * * * I understand that Florida public schools are now required to teach Holocaust studies from kindergarten through twelfth grade. Doesn't anyone see where this must inevitably lead? Soon Florida's college students will have to take *remedial* Holocaust studies. * * * Please tell your friends about SOBRAN'S! Exclusive to the electronic version: Nothing so vividly shows the trivialization of conservatism as the proposed constitutional amendment to outlaw flag-burning. Supposing the gravity of the offense, when was the last time you even *heard* of anyone burning the American flag? How often would it have to happen in order to warrant a change in the fundamental law of the land? While we're at it, how about an amendment to ban hippies? Or to forbid Bill Clinton to commit adultery? * * * Reviewing a book about translations of the Bible, the atheist Christopher Hitchens jeers that William Tyndale, who was burnt at the stake, "had been especially hounded by 'Saint' Thomas More, that persecutor for all seasons." Funny how broad-minded twentieth-century liberals always blame people in other ages for not having been broad-minded twentieth-century liberals, a habit still going strong in the twenty-first century. Bush and History (Page 3) Poor Bill Clinton. He spent eight years trying to establish a "legacy" -- some achievement that would mark his administration as a milestone in American history. He even wished that he could have been a "war president," a surefire way to take one's place beside such giants of the office as Abraham Lincoln, Franklin Delano Roosevelt, and George Herbert Walker Bush. But, alas, history didn't oblige Clinton with a real war. He was able to use military action only as an occasional weapon of mass distraction from the things he *will* be remembered for: his cruddy Oval Office amours with what's-her-name, now, as we go to press, a rather plump television star. Well, at least the public has lost interest in how Vincent Foster died. Now a new President Bush has emerged to step in where his father left off. History (which he majored in at Yale) has favored him with a chance to become a sure- enough war president, and he has grabbed the opportunity with both hands. Though far less colorful than Clinton (as who isn't?), Bush has, as they say, "restored dignity" to the presidency and "moral clarity" to foreign policy, replacing Arkansas sleaze with Texan integrity. Using the national hysteria provoked by 9/11, Bush has resumed his father's war on Iraq. His chief justification for the war was that Saddam Hussein illegally possessed "weapons of mass destruction" which he might use against the United States or "our allies" (guess who?), or hand off to terrorist groups. Also, Hussein was a cruel tyrant who had committed terrible atrocities against "his own people." The WMDs never turned up, of course, but Bush, even after an easy military victory, still insists they are there somewhere, apparently so well hidden that Hussein couldn't find them when he needed them to save his own skin. The terrorist links were never proved either. {{ By the way, a great puzzle remains. Immediately after 9/11, the government, the media, and the public were obsessed with Osama bin Laden and al-Qaeda. The "war on terrorism" was focused on them, and it was expected that they would show up again before, during, or after the war on Iraq. Some of us thought they would even welcome the war, which would polarize the Arab-Muslim world and bring them countless new recruits. Yet, apart from one purported bin Laden audiotaped message, they haven't been heard from, in word or deed. Nobody seems to have an explanation. }} But who cares now? Victory justifies itself. The people who wanted this war long before 9/11 -- Dick Cheney, Donald Rumsfeld, and the Zionist cabal -- got what they were after. So what if the reasons given for the war turned out to be as empty as skeptics had suspected all along? So what if the menacing Saddam Hussein turned out to be utterly unable to secure his own country against invasion? All that matters is that the Iraqi people have been "liberated" -- a late afterthought among the many justifications for the war. So it wasn't about defending America after all. Or rather, we are now told that establishing democracy in Iraq will make everyone safer. But in the early days of the occupation, the victors have already announced that any Iraqi democracy must be on American terms -- no Islamic theocracy will be permitted, no matter how many Iraqis want it. The United States wants democracy, yes, but only as long as it controls the results. This is more or less like the conception of Polish democracy Joseph Stalin brought to Yalta. Bush is determined to avoid the mistake the United States made (as we have recently learned) with the ungrateful French: Why give these people freedom if they are only going to abuse it by disobeying us? Much of the American press is seriously debating whether the Arabs can "handle" freedom and self- government. So much for the quaint idea that these are unalienable rights, rather than imperially granted privileges, held on a short leash. True, there were some civilian casualties in the war, but they were few by modern standards and history won't hold them they won't be held against the victor. They were far fewer, after all, than the numbers claimed by the elder Bush's war and subsequent sanctions; besides, they were all Saddam Hussein's fault, like the war itself. But history may take a dimmer view of the destruction and looting of Iraq's ancient cultural treasures, which the U.S. forces, though forewarned, did nothing to prevent. When all the official pretexts for this war have been forgotten, it will be remembered that American barbarism allowed the obliteration of some of the earliest and most irreplaceable records of human civilization, which had survived 7,000 years of successive tyrannies but could not withstand "liberation." That may be Bush's lasting legacy. Quite a feat for a history major to boast. But how was he to know? Maybe he cut class the day they covered Mesopotamia. And after all, his grasp of American history is hardly better. Forgotten Prophet (pages 4-5) As some readers may recall, I have once or twice written about a formative intellectual moment in my life that occurred at a gas station in June 1965. I was reading an old reprint of Frederic Bastiat's tract THE LAW, when a single sentence struck me like a bolt of lightning. It eventually changed my whole political philosophy, though its full implications took years to sink in. In brief, it said that the moral test of a law was whether it did for Paul at Peter's expense what it would be criminal for Paul to do to Peter himself. Robbery is still robbery when the state does it for you. Simple, but I was stunned by the self-evident. If Bastiat was right, the U.S. Government was already terribly corrupt. My patriotism couldn't yet accept such a damning conclusion. I had a similar experience about 20 years later, while staying late at the office of NATIONAL REVIEW. I happened to be reading a John Birch Society reprint of THE PEOPLE'S POTTAGE by Garet Garrett, a writer I'd never heard of. (He'd died in 1954, I learned later.) The first of the book's three essays, "The Revolution Was," was a withering attack on the New Deal. Many conservatives had argued that the New Deal would lead logically to revolution; Garrett argued that the New Deal was a revolution -- the sort of coup d'etat under constitutional formalities that Aristotle had warned against millennia ago. Garrett called this "revolution within the form." I was thrilled by Garrett's insight and logic. It was the most incisive and penetrating critique of Franklin Roosevelt I had ever read. Even such fierce Roosevelt critics as John T. Flynn and H.L. Mencken had never said it better, or even nearly as well. But this part was easy for me to accept. It was consistent with the Bill Buckley conservatism I'd espoused. The next two essays were another matter. Garrett went on to argue that America's foreign policy of military intervention abroad had changed the country from a constitutional republic to an empire. The Cold War, which I had always supported in principle, was only an extension of Roosevelt's overweening intervention in World War II. Garrett had been an isolationist, opposed to U.S. involvement in that war. But though anti- Communist (as well as anti-Nazi), he had stuck to his principles when Stalin replaced Hitler as the alleged threat to America. Interventionism, he insisted, was deadly to the very things America must conserve. For me this was a wholly new kind of conservatism. I'd always been convinced, without the need of argument, that conservatism meant, among other things, militant anti-Communism. First we had to stop the Soviet threat; then we had to get back to the business of repealing the New Deal. But (by my Buckley-inspired logic) the overriding imperative of national survival required that we accept the welfare state until the Soviet threat was disposed of. We had a long road ahead of us, and conservatives, to make things worse, were already coming to terms with the New Deal. Even Ronald Reagan was not about to touch Social Security. Garrett, like Bastiat before him, struck a nerve and shook me out of my dogmatic slumber. But if he was right, what was I doing at NATIONAL REVIEW, where the Cold War was considered the very essence of American conservatism? Again, I needed years to absorb this (to me) shocking new idea. The years passed, and I found that Garrett had been right. With the end of the Cold War, conservatives didn't pause to enjoy peace, didn't try to restore constitutional government, didn't even think about rolling back the New Deal. Instead they favored more military intervention abroad -- first against the bogus "threat" of Manuel Noriega in Panama, then against the hardly more plausible "threat" of Iraq. Big Government was fine, it seemed, as long as nominal conservatives like the elder Bush were running it. Garrett had spent some years writing editorials for the SATURDAY EVENING POST just before World War II. Bruce Ramsey has now gathered many of his editorials into a book, DEFEND AMERICA FIRST (Caxton Press). They throw brilliant light on how Roosevelt maneuvered the United States into war while pretending to be doing the opposite. Ramsey supplies helpful comments and notes. The old fox never fooled Garrett for a moment. Garrett not only saw what he was up to, but instantly understood what it meant: an extension of FDR's revolutionary coup. Instead of letting Congress perform its role of deciding whether to go to war, Roosevelt subtly usurped its powers for the executive branch and foreclosed the option of peace. Foreign policy came to mean his policy. He negotiated, often secretly, with Churchill and Stalin, and persuaded Congress to give him discretionary power to take what he called "measures short of war" to aid the Allies against the Axis. These measures culminated in the Lend-Lease Act of March 1941, enabling Roosevelt to supply the Allies with arms. Ostensibly the purpose was to stop Germany without directly involving America in the war. But Garrett saw what it really signified: America was now in the war and there would be no going back. Only one direction was now possible. Garrett was writing this many months before Pearl Harbor. Meanwhile, Roosevelt tried to provoke naval clashes with Germany on the Atlantic, while choking off Japan's access to oil and other resources. Until Pearl Harbor, Americans overwhelmingly opposed getting into another world war. They were still bitterly disillusioned about the first one, with its subsequent disasters. But, like Woodrow Wilson in 1916, Roosevelt, who had been Wilson's secretary of the Navy, campaigned on a promise to avoid war while secretly doing the opposite. Wendell Willkie, his Republican opponent in 1940, was also an interventionist. Garrett noted that the voters had no candidate who shared their view that this was not America's war. Never had the ruling elite been so united against the American people, yet so disingenuous about its real intentions. Garrett was a keen and relentless critic of propaganda and what he called "engineered emotion." Roosevelt, he charged, had "systematically violated [the Neutrality Act] with acts of intervention that were, in fact, acts of war." In foreign as in domestic policy, Roosevelt had gained primacy for "the executive will," usurping the constitutional powers of the people's elected representatives in Congress "by indirection, by subterfuge, by cleverness, by beating the law, uncontrollably pursuing [his] own will." Not only were vast new powers claimed by the Federal Government, which was bad enough in itself; these powers were concentrated in the executive branch. And Garrett was shrewd enough to see that Roosevelt himself was saying as much when he said, "In the hands of a people's government this power is wholesome and proper [but in the wrong hands it] would provide shackles for the liberties of people." "He is saying," Garrett translated, "that he alone is the people's government. He alone can be trusted to exercise that power. He is saying that he accepts the nomination for a third term because he [has] a duty to keep the government from passing to other hands. The power is too much to lay down. It may be abused. It may be used to provide shackles for the liberties of people." Roosevelt didn't realize that anyone would study his words so closely; he probably didn't even realize what he was saying -- that he was claiming dictatorial power, and that he alone was fit to be America's dictator. Congress, Garrett said, had cooperated with him by "abdicating." As you review the steps by which Roosevelt drew the country into war, you are struck by the familiarity of the technique: demagogy, faits accomplis, the waging of undeclared war, the personalizing of policy, the arrogation of unconstitutional powers, even preemptive "defense" -- the view that, in Garrett's words, "to defend itself democracy dare not wait for the aggressor to come," but must strike first. The chief difference between Roosevelt and George W. Bush was that Roosevelt could not yet wage open war without a declaration of war by Congress. There were still some constitutional restraints. And of course Bush lacks Roosevelt's cunning and eloquence. But then, these are no longer necessary. The precedents having been created, any warlike presidential action can now be justified by the very fact that Roosevelt did it in the war against Hitler. All criticism of Roosevelt, however cogent, has been forgotten. After all, he won his war. We have inherited his legacy of arbitrary executive power. Garrett, a great and valiant journalist, has been long forgotten. I discovered him by chance. Not long after Pearl Harbor, his cause lost, he was forced to resign from the SATURDAY EVENING POST, to take such employment as he could find. He died in obscurity. Fifty years later, Roosevelt is revered for doing precisely the things Garrett had accused him of doing. Homosexual Love and Literature (page 6) Andrew Sullivan, an English emigre, is one of our few pundits who manages to pass for a conservative while advocating the cause of homosexual "rights," including same-sex marriage. He has lately written an essay titled "We're All Sodomites Now." Briefly, he argues that "sodomy" used to refer to many sexual practices that were believed deviant; homosexuality was only one among many of these. {{ So far he is correct. }} He points out that "sodomy" could also refer to many heterosexual practices {{ that are }} now common among married couples, notably contraception. Maybe not "all" of us are sodomites by this definition, but the great majority {{ -- upwards of 95 per cent of us -- }} seem to qualify. So why is homosexuality singled out for "discrimination"? Sullivan has a point. The sexual revolution has legitimated the pursuit of sexual pleasure for its own sake, even within marriage; procreation is now considered an option, not a duty. "Be fruitful and multiply" is old hat. If fornication and abortion are acceptable, why not homosexuality? On the other hand, if procreative marriage is no longer the paradigm of sexual good behavior, if it is neither sacramental nor even special, why should homosexuals covet the empty shell of matrimony to give their unions respectability? As some wag has quipped, only two classes of people want to bother getting married anymore: Catholic priests and homosexuals. And, one might add, there seems to be considerable overlap between these two classes. Still, there is undeniably a deep and persistent stigma attached to homosexuality. It is considered ugly, unsanitary, unmanly, and simply ridiculous. Though "gay rights" and "gay pride" marches are familiar as public collective events, it remains true that in private life and at the individual level, homosexuality is seldom asserted with pride. Homosexuality is also typically promiscuous; that is why it presents so many objective health problems. Since by definition it can never be procreative, how can it be fulfilled in monogamy? There is a whiff of absurdity about the very idea of "gay marriage." As we are forever reminded, homosexuality has been around for a long time; the ancient Greeks and Romans, among many other cultures, have tolerated it. All very true, though the specific form of accepted homosexuality was usually pederasty, the sexual liaison between man and youth rather than between two mature men. Even so, we must not suppose that even pagan tolerance meant unqualified approval: the satirist Juvenal describes Rome's homosexuals with obscene scorn. But this in itself raises a question. Why is there no great literature or mythology of sodomy (however defined)? The great legendary lovers have always been men and women. Their stories may be romantic, comic, tragic, even grotesque or adulterous or violent {{ -- Jason and Medea, Aeneas and Dido, Antony and Cleopatra, Paolo and Francesca, Tristan and Isolde, Troilus and Cressida, Romeo and Juliet, and so on -- }} but they are always heterosexual. The millennia have yet to produce a memorable myth of homosexual lovers. Consider Shakespeare. His Sonnets record his evidently romantic ardor for his "lovely boy," and it is now widely accepted that he was either homosexual or bisexual. {{ (I pass over the tangled authorship problem for the moment.) }} Yet his plays betray little or nothing of such inclinations. They are absorbed by the love of men and women. Evidently even his genius could only conceive of a great love in heterosexual terms. Why is this? For the simplest of reasons. Only heterosexual love can have a future. Sodomy, on the other hand, is fruitless. It offers few possibilities. It can make no permanent appeal to the imagination. And in this respect the homosexual's imagination is the same as everyone else's. One telling illustration is Denis de Rougemont's panoramic study LOVE IN THE WESTERN WORLD. In its vast survey of the varieties of love in Western literature since Plato, it makes no mention of homosexuality (or lesbianism). It does not treat the subject with contempt or "homophobia"; it does not treat it at all. {{ It is simply not there. }} It is of no interest. It never occurs to the author that it is significant enough to warrant a place in his considerations. This speaks volumes about the false prominence and forced analogies homosexuality has acquired in the contemporary world. The West has always regarded it as a minor deviation, perhaps sinful or even criminal, perhaps not, but in any case not an essential or even important category of human experience. What is peculiar in our own time is not that homosexuality has become important, but that it has become so self-important. The "gay" movement produces propaganda that is false to history even when it invokes history. For the homosexuals of the past have never imagined that their proclivities were, or could be, very interesting to other people, let alone that they were victimized by social disapproval. They took for granted that, whatever the legal status of deviations, procreative love was -- necessarily -- the model of sexual conduct. For this we have the testimony even of homosexual artists, poets, and musicians. NUGGETS SURPRISE: Our victory in the War on Terrorism has already been greeted by terrorist attacks in Saudi Arabia and Algeria, claiming dozens of lives. (page 10) NOTORIOUS: I'm getting a naughty reputation all over the place. An article in NATIONAL REVIEW names me among "unpatriotic conservatives" who "hate their country." A new book about Shakespeare calls my arguments for the Earl of Oxford's authorship "unreliable." And my favorite: the European newspaper THE INDEPENDENT says I've been seen "flirting outrageously" with a gorgeous international model. Heck, there are some lies I hardly even *want* to correct. (page 11). Exclusive to the electronic version: POURQUOI? THE CONSERVATIVE CHRONICLE has dropped my column and announced that it will also carry Charley Reese's column less frequently. Why? Well, in my case it cites readers' "many, many" complaints that I "insult" the people I write about. The only example it offers is my reference to the Pope as "dope-smoking" (see "The Big Peacenik," column of February 25, 2003; www.sobran.com/ columns/2003/030225.shtml). I admit it's rude to accuse the Pope of smoking dope, and I retract the charge. However, only the readers of THE CONSERVATIVE CHRONICLE seem to have thought I was serious; I was joking about the War Party's habit of portraying opponents of the war as dope-smoking Sixties hippies. (Like the Holy Father?) But I suspect the real reason for cracking down on Reese and me is that we are among the few anti-war conservative columnists. MIDEAST MIRACLE: Never thought I'd see the day. Not only has Ariel Sharon's cabinet accepted the Bush "roadmap" to peace, which includes a Palestinian state; Sharon himself has, for the first time, acknowledged that the Israeli occupation of the West Bank and Gaza is an "occupation." "We don't like the word," he told his Likud Party, "but this is occupation. To keep 3.5 million Palestinians under occupation is bad for Israel and the Palestinians.... This cannot continue forever." The Palestinians will applaud, the Likud may grudgingly accept the deal; but will the fundamentalist Protestants put up with it? STILL KICKING: The old conservative movement, it seems, has not yet been completely swallowed up by neoconservatism. Donald Devine, vice chairman of the American Conservative Union, whom I've always liked and respected, has challenged the neocons, saying that their desire for "empire" is incompatible with the principle of limited government. He wants the question debated. Ramesh Ponnuru, of the formerly conservative NATIONAL REVIEW, says, in the measured language of the juniorcons, that Devine's proposal is "cracked." As I observed a couple of years ago, Ponnuru's idea of limited government is a state confined to two essential functions: paving the streets and ruling the world. REPRINTED COLUMNS (pages 7-12) * What Young People Don't Know (April 29, 2003) http://www.sobran.com/columns/2003/030429.shtml * War and Dramaturgy (May 6, 2003) http://www.sobran.com/columns/2003/030506.shtml * Conservatism as Exorcism (May 8, 2003) http://www.sobran.com/columns/2003/030508.shtml * The One and Only (May 13, 2003) http://www.sobran.com/columns/2003/030513.shtml * Patriotism, Mom, and the Bums (May 15, 2003) http://www.sobran.com/columns/2003/030515.shtml * Titus and Lucrece (May 20, 2003) http://www.sobran.com/columns/2003/030520.shtml ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ All articles are written by Joe Sobran You may forward this newsletter if you include the following subscription and copyright information: Subscribe to the Sobran E-Package. See http://www.sobran.com/e-mail.shtml or http://www.griffnews.com for details and samples or call 800-513-5053. Copyright (c) 2003 by The Vere Company -- www.sobran.com. All rights reserved. Distributed by the Griffin Internet Syndicate www.griffnews.com with permission. [ENDS]