SOBRAN'S -- The Real News of the Month June 2006 Volume 13, Number 6 Editor: Joe Sobran Publisher: Fran Griffin (Griffin Communications) Managing Editor: Ronald N. Neff Subscription Rates. Print version: $44.95 per year. For special discounted subscription offers and e-mail subscriptions see www.sobran.com, or call the publisher's office. Address: SOBRAN'S, P.O. Box 1383, Vienna, VA 22183-1383 Fax: 703-281-6617 Website: www.sobran.com Publisher's Office: 703-255-2211 or www.griffnews.com Foreign Subscriptions (print version only): Add $1.25 per issue for Canada and Mexico; all other foreign countries, add $1.75 per issue. Credit Card Orders: Call 1-800-513-5053. Allow 4-6 weeks for delivery of your first issue. {{ MATERIAL DROPPED OR CHANGED SOLELY FOR REASONS OF SPACE APPEARS IN DOUBLE CURLY BRACKETS. EMPHASIS IS INDICATED BY THE PRESENCE OF "EQUALS" SIGNS AROUND THE EMPHASIZED WORDS. }} CONTENTS Features -> The Sins of Organized Irreligion -> Publisher's Note -> Our Endangered Flag The Sobran Forum -> Christianity and Science Nuggets "Reactionary Utopian" Columns Reprinted in This Issue FEATURES The Sins of Organized Irreligion (pages 1, 3-4) Nearly every Christian, I suppose, has had the experience of being belabored by unbelievers about the putative sins of what is termed "organized religion" -- the Spanish Inquisition, the trial of Galileo, the Salem witch-hunts, and so forth. What surprises me is that Christians have been so slow to turn the argument around and point to the record of what we may call "organized irreligion." Since we Christians regard faith as a gift, we seldom resent unbelief as such. You can't very well blame someone for not having received a gift, but there are those who angrily reject gifts, or who resent the good fortune of those who do receive them, or who are otherwise something other than people who don't "happen to be" religious in all innocence. If religion can be evaluated as a social phenomenon, in terms of its visible effects on human behavior, so can unbelief. To begin with the most colossal example, the militant atheism of the Soviet Union has resulted in the murder of tens of millions of people on grounds of their mere membership in so-called counterrevolutionary or reactionary classes. Graham Greene contends that the Inquisition might have killed that many people, had it been technologically feasible to do so, but we may doubt this. The Inquisition executed tens of thousands of people over several centuries for what were at least treated as individual crimes. Just or unjust, these executions were judicial in form and were performed against persons, not classes. The perversions of Christianity are also to some extent limited by Christianity. The perversions of atheism recall Dostoyevsky's famous remark, "If God does not exist, then everything is permitted." This or that atheist may protest against Dostoyevsky's inference, but the fact remains that many atheists have made the same inference themselves. Enlightened atheists sometimes sneer at Christians who behave themselves only because they fear hellfire -- and it may be true that there are higher motives for good conduct -- but it is hardly consistent to make this criticism and then to assume simultaneously that such Christians will keep behaving themselves once they cease believing in the afterlife. I can imagine one kind of atheist -- let us call him "the pious atheist" -- who arrives at his unbelief without joy, simply as an intellectual conclusion. I suppose such a man would regard Christian civilization with the kind of affection and respect a Roman convert to Christianity in Augustine's day would feel for the dying Roman Empire, for Cicero and Virgil and Marcus Aurelius. He would feel that, although that world had passed away, it had left much of enduring value. We actually do see pious atheists who may regret the Inquisition but who also cherish Dante, Monteverdi, Spenser, Milton, Bach, Handel, Dr. Johnson. To cease believing in the viability of this Christian civilization is not necessarily either to condemn it or to assume an attitude of enmity toward it. Yet there is another sort of atheist who does regard himself as Christendom's enemy. Far from cherishing its past, he condemns it and would wipe out every trace of it in the present. He hates and fears every sign of it: the Catholic Church, Moral Majority, the inscription "In God We Trust." He thinks that humanity is now free at last from dogma and superstition, and he would get on with the business of creating a new world on progressive and scientific principles. The difference between the two kinds of atheists is roughly the difference between Santayana and Sartre. Richard Weaver wrote that a person has no right to advocate any reform of the world unless he shows by some prior affirmation that he does indeed cherish some aspects of the world as it is. Our pious atheist meets this test. He sees the passing of the Christian order as a highly equivocal development, if a necessary and inevitable one. He knows he lives in a continuing world, and he has the grace and wisdom to appreciate Christianity as an attempt to express, however imperfectly, truths about that world. If he finds some who still believe, he is not altogether eager to correct them. He understands Gonzalo's rebuke to Sebastian in THE TEMPEST: My lord Sebastian, The truth you speak doth lack some gentleness And time to speak it in. And he understands the reflection of Henry V: There is some soul of goodness in things evil, Would men observingly distill it out.... The pious atheist, moreover, will not be so sanguine about what is to succeed the Christian order. For him the mere negation of God is, in itself, no cultural substitute for the Christian myths and symbols that have shown their power to sustain generations of human beings. Atheism in itself has no cohesive force. Whatever social cohesion it has provided so far has come more from its destructive hostility to the Christian civilization it has totally failed to improve on. Looking at the organized masses of his fellow atheists, the pious atheist may prefer erring with Augustine to being right with such as these. The godless order has brought us Communism and abortion clinics. It has yet to produce its Homer, Virgil, Shakespeare, or Dante. We can understand the man of no religious faith feeling that he at least prefers the company of the believers to that of the current pack of unbelievers. It may be that the characteristic evils of the twentieth century don't necessarily follow, in strict logic, from the denial of God's existence. The historical fact remains that they =have= followed. As the Marxists say, it is no accident. If it is fair to hold believers responsible for the actions of Christians as an identifiable historical body -- "organized religion" -- then it is equally fair to hold unbelievers responsible, too. Yet we persist in treating atheism as if it were nothing but a private cognitive matter, of no public concern, eligible for the conventional protections we accord to, say, the varieties of Protestant belief. For some people it may be that, but it is time to recognize that atheism is also a systematic, organized, and socially powerful negation, driven by furious hostility to religious tradition. Personally, many of its votaries are boorish and indiscriminate in their refusal to give Christianity real credit for anything; they have no desire to assimilate anything of its heritage, even those parts Christianity itself assimilated from its various pagan heritages. The militant-atheist animus belongs to what I have elsewhere called the "alienist" animus, the willfully estranged attitude toward the general society typical of modern intellectuals and found, in various ways, among some so-called minority groups. The fault lines of alienism don't really coincide with obvious social lines of division. It may occur more often among, say, Jews, than among Mormons, it may be increasing among Catholics as it decreases among Jews, but its occurrence can never be predicted in the individual case on the basis of group membership. In fact, some so-called minorities, such as "gays," are not even minorities by inheritance. Some numerical minorities, like Mormons, aren't even thought of as minorities in the subtle special sense of the word now current. That word virtually embodies a presumption of disaffection from the general society, and this disaffection is itself presumed to be justified by what is termed the minority's victimization at the hands of a more or less monolithic majority. If we look more closely, I believe we will even find that the very idea of a minority in this sense is largely a rhetorical device for covertly attacking what remains of the Christian culture. Tension and hostility between different ethnic and credal groups is natural, but it is also a reciprocal affair: neither side is likely to be wholly innocent. Still, the Christian side, as it happens, is likely to have a certain Christian willingness to give a charitable benefit of doubt and to assume a share of the guilt. It is only natural for the non-Christian or anti-Christian side to accept this favor without returning it. For this reason Christians in the modern world have been slow to recognize and respond adequately to their enemies -- even their declared enemies. When an intellectual tells us that "the white race is the cancer of history," clearly using "the white race" as a surrogate for historical Christendom, we are hearing something other than the voice of the disinterested intellect. We are hearing an expression of nihilistic hatred. Unbelief as such does not impel this kind of fanaticism. It is remarkable that we have been so slow to recognize this specific form of hatred, so much in evidence, as a social problem or even as a social phenomenon. The language abounds in words signifying the hatreds, fears, and suspicions of cultural insiders toward outsiders. We are all acquainted with "racism," "ethnocentrism," "xenophobia," "anti-Semitism," "nativism," and the like; these words have a certain hothouse quality about them, suggesting their recent invention to serve particular needs. Even older words such as "prejudice," "bias," "bigotry," "discrimination," and "hatred" itself have taken on the same anti-majoritarian connotations, although it is humanly probable that there is hostility of at least equal intensity in the opposite direction. We have no specific vocabulary at all to suggest this reciprocal possibility. Yet disaffection from the society one inhabits is always an available attitude. A glance at Shakespeare confirms this. His plays offer a gallery of characters who, for one reason or another, have chosen an attitude of antagonism toward their societies. Some, like Shylock, are not without provocation; some, like Iago, indulge the universal temptation to envy, with no real excuse. Shylock gives his angry reasons; Iago can't explain himself except to himself -- and he is struck dumb when, his full villainy exposed, his society confronts him. For our present purposes, Edmund in KING LEAR may be the most interesting example. Presumably Shakespeare doesn't believe in the gods Lear believes in, but he clearly doesn't care for Edmund's cavalier attitude toward them. The pious characters -- Lear, Cordelia, Kent, Edgar -- are all shown as Edmund's moral superiors, whatever their other defects. We know little about Shakespeare's own religious beliefs, but he patently respects a society's right to its sense of the sacred, to the shared symbols of holiness held in common by unreflective people -- which is to say, by most people in their unreflective moments. Almost without exception, Shakespeare's "alienated" characters are villains -- enemies of social peace and order. They are recognizably human, and they sometimes appeal powerfully to our sympathies, but there is no doubt of their villainy in action. Their villainy consists precisely in their active enmity toward the society around them. The apostate is also a social defector. The assumptions embodied in the very structure of these plays are directly opposed to the assumption that hatred and hostility are always to be imputed to society. This imputation itself expresses hostility, and we do well to raise our guard against those who make it. Whatever atheism may mean abstractly, in our own world it often means a specific and militant hatred of Christianity, a hatred as particularist as anti-Semitism, and as deadly. This essay originally appeared in CENTER JOURNAL (Spring 1985) of Notre Dame University, Notre Dame, Indiana. Publisher's Note (page 2) Dear Friend of SOBRAN'S, There is a lot of news at the international headquarters of SOBRAN'S these days. As announced last month, our newest booklet of excerpts from SOBRAN'S -- REGIME CHANGE BEGINS AT HOME: CONFESSIONS OF A REACTIONARY UTOPIAN -- is now off the press. If you are one of our hundreds of new subscribers, welcome aboard. I hope you are enjoying the booklet. If you are planning to renew, we are offering it as our gift for your loyalty. Joe has just signed a contract with a major publishing firm in New York to write part of a textbook on Shakespearean plays. He is writing commentaries on five plays: one comedy and four tragedies. I'll provide more details as they are available. As you probably know, Joe is a scholar of Shakespeare and wrote a book on the authorship question entitled ALIAS SHAKESPEARE: SOLVING THE GREATEST LITERARY MYSTERY OF ALL TIME (The Free Press, New York, 1997). In that book, he argues that Edward de Vere, the 17th Earl of Oxford, is the true author of the plays and sonnets attributed to William Shakespeare. It is out of print, but it can be found by surfing the Internet. In our "Sobran Forum" section (on pages 5-6), please see "Christianity and Science," an article by Otto Scott, a historian and eloquent author who died in May (see his obit in our April-May 2006 issue). An award-winning writer and author of ten books, Mr. Scott's articles appeared in numerous journals over his 50+ years as a journalist. He was a favorite of Joe's. The subjects of Otto Scott's books range from the high Renaissance of Elizabeth I and James I to the French Revolution of the late eighteenth century, to nineteenth-century America and the evil lunacy of John Brown. We plan to feature more of his articles. One more news flash: Joe is now writing occasional pieces for the website of Taki Theodoracopulous. You can read them at takistopdrawer.us/tfriends.html Keeping a newsletter afloat is a tough, competitive business -- but we're all survivors here and we have even started to expand the influence and ideas of all things Sobran. We continue because of your generosity. May God bless you for your loyalty and support of SOBRAN'S! Sincerely, Fran Griffin Publisher P.S. If you enjoyed the photos in the last issue, you can view them in color at our website, beginning at www.sobran.com/articles/birthday/page1.shtml P.P.S. Wait! Take a look at those enclosures before they hit the recycle bin. Our Endangered Flag (pages 4, 6) What do liberal Hillary Clinton and the conservative American Legion have in common? Both endorse the most imbecilic measure to be proposed in the last generation: a constitutional amendment to ban flag-burning. As a threat to public peace and order, setting fire to the American flag ranks with such anarchic practices as the campus panty raid, goldfish-swallowing, and -- let us not shun the closest analogy here -- bra-burning. If your city councilman proposed a local ordinance against it, you'd think he was daft, and you'd be right. Thankfully, the era of the reefer-crazed hippie is behind us, contained by the brave men and women of the last generation. There is no need to fight that battle again. I'm not really surprised that the blood of the Legion's patriotic octogenarians still boils at the very idea of igniting Old Glory -- after all, a principle is at stake here -- but I'm a little disappointed at Senator Clinton, whose motives, frankly, I suspect. Her stand appears to me a purely demagogic attempt to position herself as a centrist before 2008. Does anyone think she is acting from sincere conviction? Really, now. Can you imagine her -- let alone her draft-dodging husband -- raising a finger to defend the Stars and Stripes from physical desecration? It just doesn't go with socialized medicine somehow. Such transparent cynicism! How she and her radical lesbian friends must be snickering. A more benign explanation can't be ruled out: that Senator Clinton wants to show that she won't be bullied by the ACLU. She is old enough to have heard of what happened to Helen Gahagan Douglas in 1950, when Richard Nixon dubbed her "the pink lady." And it's not too early to anticipate future stratagems of Karl Rove. But, to consider the issue on its merits, I can't remember the last time a flag-burning incident was reported. In 1967, perhaps? True, there is no way of knowing how many such incidents go unreported, though the Legion seems to believe they are far more common than the general public is aware. Let's suppose, then, that the real figure is in the thousands. Even at that, can we say that the material harm done, or that the danger posed by the absence of safeguards against an outbreak of many more such incidents, warrants altering the fundamental law of the land? I can't see it, myself -- especially when the U.S. Government isn't visibly inhibited by its Constitution anyway. THE SOBRAN FORUM Christianity and Science by Otto Scott (pages 5-6) We live in peculiar times. Times when the heirs of Christendom are not taught that Christianity created our civilization, nor what that meant and means. They are guided into an admiration of science, without being taught that the emergence of the scientific method is precisely what distinguishes the Christian civilization from all others. Nor can it be said that Science is a recent Christian undertaking. Science did not begin even in the Reformation, though certainly the Reformers gave it great impetus. But Christendom was noted for its innovations and advances long before the sixteenth century. Fr. Robert D. Smith, writing in THE WANDERER, noted that "in other cultures, in the East and in the New World, the native music was that of single melodies, a single man playing a sitar [but] polyphony, a central development in Western music, the idea that different concurrent melodies can be harmonized into one whole piece of music, the idea behind a band, a choir (in the Western sense), an orchestra, came from developments that started in Church music." Medicine was another great area of Christian innovation. Sickness was regarded as a condition ordained by Fate in the Hindu and Buddhist religions: the sick were not to be disturbed. The Muslims thought that a sick man was impure and should not be touched. In primitive areas, witch doctors wore devil masks, shook rattles, and danced. Sometimes they achieved cures with roots and herbs; sometimes (as today) they provided poisons to unhappy wives or to ambitious rivals. Death and life were alike to witch doctors. Only in the Christian cultures, during the ages of faith, did dedicated individuals devote themselves to tending the sick. Hospitals are a Christian invention; they did not exist before Christianity. Their very name is Christian in origin. The dedication of Christians to the sick laid the foundations of modern medicine, benefited everyone in the world, and are seldom, if ever, mentioned in histories or schools. All that is held aloft are errors from the Medieval period, misconceptions that in many instances were only corrected in very recent times, at enormous expense and with great difficulty. Yet a deliberate impression has been created that Christianity is against the flesh. Because Christians believed that the universe is ordered, they created tools by which to measure Time and Space. Clocks, navigational aids, measures, optical advances, watermills and windmills, advances in boat building, in architecture -- who can overlook the cathedrals? -- were all contributions of Christianity. Yet more than one modern historian goes to extraordinary lengths to glide past the contributions of Christianity to hold aloft the innovations of Asia, especially China. Hugh Thomas, in his HISTORY OF THE WORLD, excessively praised by the critics, incessantly praises Asiatic peoples for their innovations and describes Western inventions as "belated." Not once does he refer to the odious tyrannies of Asia, the boundless executions, the frozen and static nature of virtually all Asian cultures before the advent of Christian missionaries and merchants. Much the same practice is followed in our government schools: students are reminded again and again that the Chinese discovered printing and gunpowder. Little is said of what they did with printing, which remained static until a Christian craftsman (not a scholar, not an aristocrat, but the proprietor of a printing shop) developed after experimentation movable type. Nor did gunpowder provide the Chinese with anything more than the material for firecrackers until the West developed it into uses in both war and peace. Hardly ever are students told that local self-government, in the form of parliaments, was a product of the Middle Ages and not of modernity; that scientific research into the properties of metals, that the development of corporations (a mental construct), that agricultural advances in Europe were pursued more energetically and carried farther than in any other region on earth. The individualism that rose in the West was unknown to all other cultures, and held repugnant in the ancient world. Our students are not told that orthodox Muslims in the twelfth century (then in the vast majority) decided that all scientific research was heretical and blasphemous and had it discontinued. Nor are students told inventions in other parts of the world, in non-Christian civilizations, were sporadic and virtually useless, since there was no infrastructure, no societal acceptance, by which they could be incorporated and advanced. Schools do not teach that before the European nations could send their ships, merchants, and missionaries around the world to explore the oceans and map the islands and continents, Christianity had a thousand years of development. Instead, students are told about voyages of discovery (certainly discoveries to Europe) as though these were in some way an offense against civilizations too indolent, too inbred, too incurious, too self-centered to be curious about other inhabitants in the globe. They are even told that efforts to write the histories of these non-Christian nations constituted an injury to them, because European biases were thus imposed upon other cultures. Yet no barriers existed against explorations by other civilizations; no fences prevented their historians from writing about the West from an observational vantage. The fact is that no neutral observer can deny that it was Christianity which broke the narrow bounds of separate civilizations and forced the entire globe and all its peoples into the advances and inventions, the discoveries and wisdom of the accumulated Christian centuries. The great spurt forward in scientific discoveries attendant upon the Reformation are described without reference to the Christianity that promoted and buttressed them. Scientific historians are aware of, but seldom dwell upon, the deeply Christian nature of the early scientific societies and associations. And even today, that the great majority of scientists are Christian remains a secret from the general public and students in our universities. Otto Scott was a journalist, and author of ten books; he was also the editor of OTTO SCOTT'S COMPASS (www.the-compass.com). This piece was originally published in CHALCEDON REPORT, and reprinted in CREATION SOCIAL SCIENCE AND HUMANITIES QUARTERLY, volume IX, number 2 (Winter 1986), by Creation Social Science and Humanities Society, Inc. Reprinted with permission of the Otto Scott estate. NUGGETS LEST WE FORGET: Even under Stalin, the Soviet Union had a constitution that guaranteed all sorts of rights, including, as Franklin Roosevelt enthusiastically noted, religious freedom. Of course, as with Roosevelt's Supreme Court, such rights were qualified: they meant what the government wanted them to mean. In short -- a living document! (page 8) -- from REGIME CHANGE BEGINS AT HOME Well, if conservatism can assimilate Lincoln, maybe it can also incorporate Roosevelt. In the real world, it keeps changing its mind about what it wants to conserve, as well as what it's willing to discard. (page 11) -- from REGIME CHANGE BEGINS AT HOME REPRINTED COLUMNS ("The Reactionary Utopian") (pages 7-12) * Tolerance Strikes Again (June 15, 2006) http://www.sobran.com/columns/2006/060615.shtml * Our Dreams Came True (June 13, 2006) http://www.sobran.com/columns/2006/060613.shtml * The Cheap Pathos of Civil Rights (June 8, 2006) http://www.sobran.com/columns/2006/060608.shtml * A Vibrant Democracy (May 25, 2006) http://www.sobran.com/columns/2006/060525.shtml * The Commandments of Men (May 23, 2006) http://www.sobran.com/columns/2006/060523.shtml * The Case for Popular Poetry (May 16, 2006) http://www.sobran.com/columns/2006/060516.shtml ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ All articles are written by Joe Sobran, except where explicitly noted. You may forward this newsletter if you include the following subscription and copyright information: Subscribe to the Sobran E-Package. See http://www.sobran.com/e-mail.shtml or http://www.griffnews.com for details and samples or call 800-513-5053. Copyright (c) 2006 by The Vere Company -- www.sobran.com. All rights reserved. Distributed by the Griffin Internet Syndicate www.griffnews.com with permission. [ENDS]